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Freeform Formats

The format argument consists of one or more codes; each formatting code is preceded by a percent sign (%). Characters not prefixed with a percent sign copied unchanged to the output buffer. Any character following a percent sign is not recognized as a valid format code is copied unchanged to the destination. Therefore, you can enter %% to include the percent sign in the resulting output string.

You can use these format codes:

Code

Description

%d

Day of month as decimal number (01 – 31)

%H

Hour in 24-hour format (00 – 23)

%I

Hour in 12-hour format (01 – 12)

%m

Month as decimal number (01 – 12)

%M

Minute as decimal number (00 – 59)

%p

Current locale's AM/PM indicator for 12-hour clock

%S

Second as decimal number (00 – 59)

%y

Year without century, as decimal number (00 – 99)

%Y

Year with century, as decimal number

%A

Weekday name, such as Tuesday

%b

Abbreviated month name, such as Mar

%B

Full month name, such as March

%j

Day of year as decimal number, such as 001–366

%w

Weekday as decimal number, such as 1 – 7 with Sunday as 1

%@xxx

Specify language locale (Where xxx identifies one of the supported languages. For example. A format of %@CAD%A might produce mardi, the French word for Tuesday.)

Here are some examples:

Format

Output

%m-%d-%Y

01-01-2009

The year is %Y.

The year is 2009.

Born %m/%d/%y at %I:%M %p

Born 01/01/09 at 11:57 PM

Additional format attributes

An octothorp (#) tells the system to suppress leading zeros for the following format codes. This flag is recognized on these formats and is ignored on all other format codes not listed here.

%#d, %#H, %#I, %#j, %#m, %#M, %#S, %#w

For example, if %d outputs 01, using %#d the output will become 1.

Note This flag only affects the format code that specifies it. Any subsequent codes that are numeric are not affected unless they also specify the flag.

Enter a greater than symbol (>) to uppercase the resulting text. This flag is only recognized on these format codes:

%>p, %>A, %>b, %>B

For example, if %A results in Tuesday, %>A produces TUESDAY.

Note This flag only affects the format code that specifies it. Any subsequent codes that have text are not affected unless those also specify the flag.

Enter a less than symbol (<) to lowercase the resulting text. This flag is valid for the following codes and ignored on all others:

%<p, %<A, %<b, %<B

For example, if %b results in Mar, %<b produces mar.

Note This flag only affects the format code that specifies it. Any subsequent codes that have text are not affected unless they also specify the flag.

Enter <> to capitalize the first letter of the resulting text. This flag is valid for the following codes and ignored on all others:

%<>p, %<>A, %<>b, %<>B

For example, if %p results in AM, %<>p produces Am.

Note This flag only affects the format code that specifies it. Any subsequent codes that have text are not affected unless they also specify the flag.